Chronic Kidney Disease

Disease State Hub

Research Summaries

Research Summary

Parathyroidectomy Has No Effect on Preserving Kidney Function in Older Adults With Hyperparathyroidism

06/14/2023

Jessica Ganga

Researchers evaluated the effectiveness of parathyroidectomy to manage kidney function in adults with hyperparathyroidism.

06/14/2023

Research Summary

Most Adults With Diabetes Can Use GLP-1 RAs, SGLT-2 Inhibitors But Don't

04/17/2023

Researchers set out to determine the percentage of people in the United States with type 2 diabetes who meet the recommended criteria to use GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors as well as patients...

04/17/2023

FDA alert

FDA Approves First Oral Treatment for CKD-Caused Anemia for Adults on Dialysis

02/08/2023

The FDA approves the first-of-its-kind treatment for anemia caused by CKD for adults who receive dialysis following the results of a randomized clinical trial.

02/08/2023

Research Summary

New Guidelines for Treatment of CKD, Diabetes Emphasizes Comprehensive Care

02/03/2023

The Work Group from the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes organization updated its set of guidelines that offers clinical practice guidelines in the treatment of chronic kidney disease and...

02/03/2023

Research Summary

Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Lowers Mortality, Cancer Risk in Patients With Hepatitis C

02/01/2023

The researchers set out to determine the mortality risk and complications associated with direct-acting antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

02/01/2023

treatment

Empagliflozin Reduces Disease Progression, Mortality for CKD

12/16/2022

Researchers compared the efficacy of empagliflozin use and associated outcomes with placebo in individuals with chronic kidney disease.

12/16/2022

treatment

Apixaban Lowers GI Bleeding Risk in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

11/04/2022

In a recent study, researchers examined the efficacy and impact of various direct oral anticoagulants on multiple health outcomes in individuals with atrial fibrillation.

11/04/2022

Health care disparities

Survey Identifies Gaps in Kidney Nutrition Care Worldwide

01/27/2022

Because nutrition care is an important element in the management of kidney disease, 2 international groups collaborated to assess the worldwide availability of nutrition services and oral nutrition...

01/27/2022

Chronic Kidney Disease Snapshot

Reviewed by James Matera, DO

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CKD is the progressive loss of kidney function, which filters waste products from the blood and maintains fluid balance by producing urine. Advanced CKD can cause dangerous levels of fluid, electolytes, and nitrogenous waste to build up in the body.

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CKD may lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and early death. CKD can also be called chronic kidney failure or chronic renal insufficiency. CKD is classified into 5 levels, based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

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Nephrologist, Nutritionist, Primary Care Physician, Transplant Surgeon

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nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue and weakness, sleep problems, urinating more or less, decreased mental sharpness, muscle cramps, swelling of feet and ankles, dry, itchy skin, hypertension, shortness of breath, chest pain

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Serum Creatinine Blood Test: Creatinine is a waste product from the normal use of muscles in the body. The serum creatinine level increases if the kidneys are not functioning properly. Creatinine level > 1.2 for women and > 1.4 for men is considered elevated.

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eGFR measures kidney function. Creatinine level, age, and sex are used to calculate eGFR. As kidney disease progresses, eGFR decreases. eGFR <60 ml/min is generally below normal limits and <15 ml/min is generally considered advanced kidney failure.

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Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood, which is a waste product that the body creates from breaking down protein in food. Healthy kidneys filter urea nitrogen out of the blood, and it exits the body through urine.

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BUN (continued): Normal levels of urea nitrogen depend on age and other factors and generally range from 7 to 20. As kidney disease progresses, the BUN level increases.

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CKD is slightly more common in women compared with men and more common in Black adults compared with White or Asian adults.

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38% of people aged 65 years or older have CKD, 12% of people aged 45 to 64 years have CKD, and 6% of people aged 18 to 44 years have CKD.

Research Summaries

Research Summary

Research Summary

Urate-Lowering Therapy Does Not Increase Kidney Disease Risk in Patients With Gout

03/20/2025

Kate Young

A recent study examining gout and chronic kidney disease found that achieving a serum urate level below 6 mg/dL with urate-lowering therapy does not increase the risk of severe or end-stage kidney disease...

03/20/2025

Research Summary

Research Summary

Dual SGLT1/2 Inhibitor Sotagliflozin Lowers Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

03/03/2025

Miranda Manier, BA

A study assesses whether the dual sodium–glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin reduces ischemic events in diabetes and kidney disease.

03/03/2025

Respiratory Diseases Roundup

Respiratory Diseases Roundup

Human Metapneumovirus Concerns, COVID-19 Impact on Kidney Health, Long COVID in Younger Adults, and More

02/04/2025

Miranda Manier, BA

In this respiratory disease roundup, experts examine the rising cases of human metapneumovirus in China, new research on COVID-19’s long-term effects on kidney function, the effectiveness of...

02/04/2025

Research Summary

Research Summary

Roxadustat Shows Noninferiority to rHuEPO-α for Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia Treatment

02/03/2025

Kate Young

This phase 3 study demonstrated that roxadustat, an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is noninferior to rHuEPO-α in improving hemoglobin levels for chemotherapy-induced anemia,...

02/03/2025

Research Summary

Can Statins Reduce Mortality Risk Among Older Adults With Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease?

09/24/2024

Miranda Manier, BA

Researchers developed a cohort study of more than 14,000 participants to determine whether there is an association between statin initiation and a reduced risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular...

09/24/2024

March 2025

Current Issue

March 2025

Volume 65

Issue 3

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