Could CPAP Improve Glycemic Control In OSA Patients?

In adults with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves glucose control and insulin resistance, according to recent research.

While previous studies have connected OSA and impaired glucose control in type 2 diabetes, the effects of CPAP on glycemic control is less well documented.
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To explore this relationship, researchers conducted a 6-month, open-label, parallel, randomized clinical trial of 50 patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomized to either CPAP or to a control group. All patients continued to take their usual medications.

At both 3 and 6 months, researchers measured the participants’ HbA1c levels, scores on the Homeostasis Model Assessment, and Qualitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, systemic biomarkers, and quality of life.

Overall, participants in the CPAP group experienced greater decreases in their HbA1c levels compared with those in the control group. After 6 months, insulin resistance and sensitivity also improved over the control group.

“Among patients with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes and OSA, CPAP treatment for 6 months, when compared to a control group, resulted in improved glycemic control and insulin resistance,” they concluded.

—Michael Potts

Reference:

Martinez-Ceron E, Barquiel B, Bezos A, et al. Effect of CPAP on glycemic control in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes. a randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 [epub ahead of print]. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201510-1942OC.