Peer Reviewed

Review

Top 10 Controversies in Peripheral Artery Disease Management

Meghana Halkar, MD1 • Iftikhar J. Kullo, MD2

Volume 63 - Issue 10 - October 2023

  • References:

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    20. Patel KK, Jones PG, Ellerbeck EF, et al. Underutilization of evidence-based smoking cessation support strategies despite high smoking addiction burden in peripheral artery disease specialty care: insights from the International PORTRAIT Registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(20):e010076. doi:10.1161/JAHA.118.010076.

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    27. Kim W, Gandhi RT, Peña CS, et al. The influence of statin therapy on restenosis in patients who underwent nitinol stent implantation for de novo femoropopliteal artery disease: two-year follow-up at a single center. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2016;27(10):1494-1501. doi:10.11016/j.jvir.2016.05.037.

    28. DeCarlo C, Scher L, Shariff S, Phair J, Lipsitz E, Garg K. Statin use and other factors associated with mortality after major lower extremity amputation. J Vasc Surg. 2017;66(1):216-225. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2017.01.048.

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    34. Rymer JA, Kennedy KF, Lowenstern AM, et al. In-hospital outcomes and discharge medication use among patients with critical limb ischemia versus claudication. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(6):704-706. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.053.

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    36. Vlachopoulos C, Terentes-Printzios D, Aboyans V, Brodmann M, De Carlo M, Tousoulis D. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and walking distance: have we walked the whole distance? Atherosclerosis. 2016;252:199-200. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.001.

    37. Shahin Y, Barnes R, Barakat H, Chetter IC. Meta-analysis of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors effect on walking ability and ankle brachial pressure index in patients with intermittent claudication. Atherosclerosis. 2013;231(2):283-290.

    38. Kurklinsky AK, Levy M. Effect of ramipril on walking times and quality of life among patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication: a randomized controlled trial. Vasc Med. 2013;18(4):234-236. doi:10.1177/1358863X13497529.

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    40. Bavry AA, Anderson RD, Gong Y, et al. Outcomes among hypertensive patients with concomitant peripheral and coronary artery disease: findings from the INternational VErapamil-SR/Trandolapril STudy. Hypertension. 2010;55(1):48-53. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.142240.

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    43. Jude EB, Oyibo SO, Chalmers N, Boulton AJ. Peripheral arterial disease in diabetic and nondiabetic patients: a comparison of severity and outcome. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(8):1433-1437. doi:10.2337/diacare.24.8.1433.

    44. van Haelst STW, Haitjema S, de Vries JPP, et al. Patients with diabetes differ in atherosclerotic plaque characteristics and have worse clinical outcome after iliofemoral endarterectomy compared with patients without diabetes. J Vasc Surg. 2017;65(2):414-421.e5. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2016.06.110.

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    47. Chatterjee S, Bandyopadhyay D, Ghosh RK, et al. SGLT-2 inhibitors and peripheral artery disease: a statistical hoax or reality? Curr Prob Cardiol. 2019;44(7):202-222. doi:10.1016/jcpcardiol.2018.06.004.

    48. Katsanos K, Spilopooulos S, Saha P, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of different antiplatelet agents for prevention of major cardiovascular events and leg amputations in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0135692. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135692.

    49. Berger JS, Krantz MJ, Kittelson JM, Hiatt WR. Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2009;301(18):1909-1919. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.623.

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    60. Connolly SJ, Eikelboom JM, Bosch J, et al; COMPASS Investigators. Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in patients with stable coronary artery disease: an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10117):205-218. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32458-3

    61. Moll F, Baumgartner I, Jaff M, et al. Edoxaban plus aspirin vs dual antiplatelet therapy in endovascular treatment of patients with peripheral artery disease: results of the ePAD trial. J Endovasc Ther. 2018;25(2):158-168. doi:10.1177/1526602818760488.

    62. Bonaca MP, Bauersachs RM, Anand SS, et al. Rivaroxaban in peripheral artery disease after revascularization. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):1994-2004. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2000052.

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    64. Bauersachs RM, Szarek M, Brodmann M, et al. Total ischemic event reduction with rivaroxaban after peripheral arterial revascularization in the VOYAGER PAD trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(4):317-326. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.003.

    65. Fakhry F, van de Luijtgaarden KM, Bax L, et al. Supervised walking therapy in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg. 2012;56(4):1132-1142. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2012.04.046.

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    67. Murphy TP, et al. Supervised exercise, stent revascularization, or medical therapy for claudication due to aortoiliac peripheral artery disease: the CLEVER study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(10):999-1009. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.12.043.

    68. Sollins HL. New CMS medicare coverage decision memorandum supervised exercise therapy for symptomatic PAD. Geriatr Nurs. 2017;38(4):354-355. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2017.06.005.

    69. Devrome AN, Aggarwal S, Mcmurtry MS, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation in people with peripheral arterial disease: A higher risk population that benefits from completion. Int J Cardiol. 2019;285:108-114. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.02.070.

    70. Aherne TM, Kheirelseid EAH, Boland M, et al. Supervised exercise therapy in the management of peripheral arterial disease - an assessment of compliance. Vasa. 2017;46(3):219-222. doi:10.1024/0301-1526/a000612.

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    72. McDermott MM. Exercise training for intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg. 2017;66(5):1612-1620. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2017.05.111.

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    77. Bedenis R, Steward M, Cleanthis M, Robless P, Miikhailidis DP, Stansby G. Cilostazol for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014(10):Cd003748. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003748.pub4.

    78. Dawson DL, Cutler BS, Hiatt WR, et al. A comparison of cilostazol and pentoxifylline for treating intermittent claudication. Am J Med. 2000;109(7):523-30. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(00)00569-6.

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    84. Klaphake S, Buettner S, Ultee KH, van Rijn MJ, Hoeks SE, Veerhagen HJ. Combination of endovascular revascularization and supervised exercise therapy for intermittent claudication: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2018;59(2):150-157. doi:10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10346-6

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    90. Ambler GK, Twine CP. Graft type for femoro-popliteal bypass surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;2:Cd001487. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001487.pub3.

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    93. Fashandi AZ, Mehaffey JH, Hawkins RB, Kron IL, Upchurch GR, Robinson WP. Major adverse limb events and major adverse cardiac events after contemporary lower extremity bypass and infrainguinal endovascular intervention in patients with claudication. J Vasc Surg. 2018;68(6):1817-1823. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.193.

    94. Jorshery SD, Skrip L, Sarac T, Charr CIO. Hybrid femoropopliteal procedures are associated with improved perioperative outcomes compared with bypass. J Vasc Surg. 2018;68(5):1447-1454.e5. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2018.01.058.